treatmentoptions4u.com

Author: basant

  • Trametinib

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug trametinib, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Trametinib was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2013 for treating unresectable or metastatic melanoma.

    Mechanism of Action of Trametinib

    Trametinib is a medication called a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase inhibitor. It inhibits the activity of the MEK enzyme, which is part of the MAPK pathway that is overactive in many cancer cells. In normal cells, the MAPK pathway plays an important role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and survival. This pathway can become overactive and contribute to uncontrolled cell growth and tumour formation. It blocks the activity of the MEK enzyme, which is a key component of the MAPK pathway. Doing so helps slow down or stop the growth and spread of cancer cells with these specific genetic mutations. This can lead to a reduction in the size of tumours and an improvement in symptoms for patients with advanced or metastatic cancers.

    Uses of Trametinib

    Unresectable or metastatic melanoma

    Non-small cell lung cancer in combination with Dabrafenib

    Advanced or metastatic thyroid cancer

    Metastatic solid tumours

    Trametinib Dosage available

    Trametinib is typically administered orally as a tablet or capsule taken by mouth. The dose and frequency of it will depend on the specific type of cancer being treated and the patient’s health status. For the treatment of melanoma, trametinib is usually taken once daily, either with or without food. It may be taken simultaneously as dabrafenib, another targeted therapy drug used in combination with trametinib for melanoma. In the management of non-small cell lung cancer, trametinib is usually taken once daily, at the same time as dabrafenib.

  • Megestrol

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug megestrol, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Megestrol is an anticancer, antianorexia and anticachectic medication that was approved for its medical use in September 1993.

    Mechanism of Action of Megestrol

    Megestrol is an anticancer agent that belongs to the class of progestogens. It is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring female hormone progesterone. The exact mechanism of action is unknown, although it is said that Megestrol works through progestin-inducing mechanism and stimulates cell maturation by binding to the progesterone receptors.

    Uses of Megestrol

    Megestrol Tablet has been developed to treat hormone-dependent cancer like endometrial and breast cancer. Its off-label indications include treatment of cancer-related loss of appetite (anorexia) and muscle loss (cachexia).

    Megestrol Dosage available

    Megestrol is available as a tablet in doses 40mg and 160mg. The initial dose is 40mg four times a day and the maximum dosage is 800mg. The dosage and frequency vary according to the type of cancer.

  • Lorlatinib

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug lorlatinib, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Lorlatinib is a targeted cancer medication that was approved for its medical use on 2nd November 2018.

    Mechanism of Action of Lorlatinib

    Lorlatinib Tablet is a biological agent that acts as targeted drug therapy in cancer treatment. It is classified as a kinase inhibitor and comes under the class of ALK and ROS-1 inhibitor. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase and ROS proto-oncogene are the two genes that promote cellular proliferation and tumour growth in non-small cell lung cancer by undergoing mutation. It works by inhibiting the cell signaling of these genes, ultimately inhibiting tumour growth.

    Uses of Lorlatinib

    Lorlatinib Tablet has been developed to treat adults with Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that resulted due to mutation in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase and ROS-1 genes and has spread to other parts of the body.

    Lorlatinib Dosage available Your doctor will decide the dose and duration of Lorlatinib based on the disease condition and other factors. Take the tablet at the same time everyday, with or without food. Do not chew, crush, or break the tablet. Swallow the whole tablet with water. If you forgot to take the tablet, simply take your next dose at the scheduled time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.

  • Lomustine

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug lomustine, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    The U.S. FDA approved lomustine in 1976. This medicine belongs to a group of monoclonal antibody (a protein made from specific immune cells).

    Mechanism of Action of Lomustine

    Lomustine works by damaging the DNA and RNA of the cancer cells. This stops their growth and multiplication.

    Uses of Lomustine

    It is mainly used to treat brain tumors (lumps formed from abnormal cells), lung tumors, Hodgkin’s disease (cancer of lymph system, a part of the immune system), and malignant melanoma (skin cancer).

    Lomustine Dosage available

    The medicine will be administered to you by a healthcare professional in a hospital setting. It is usually administered in the vein (intravenous). Your doctor will decide the dose, route of administration, and frequency based on your disease condition and other factors.

  • Spironolactone

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug spironolactone, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    The U.S. FDA approved spironolactone on 08/20/2001, to treat heart failure, hypertension and hypokalemia.

    Mechanism of Action of Spironolactone

    This medication consists of spironolactone which is a potassium baring diuretic. This medication works by lowering the blood pressure by removing the excess of water and electrolyte from the body and maintains the balance without reducing the potassium level in the body.

    Uses of Spironolactone

    This medication is used in the treatment of heart failure and in hypertension (patient with high blood pressure). It is used to treat low potassium levels in the body which is otherwise known as hypokalemia and reduces the swelling (edema in the body).

    Spironolactone Dosage available Spironolactone is available as a 5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 25mg, 50mg and 100mg tablet which can be consumed orally with food. Your physician will decide the correct dosage and duration based on age, body weight, and disease condition.

  • Insulin Glargine + Lixisenatide

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug insulin glargine,lixisenatide, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    The FDA approved Insulin glargine, Lixisenatide for medical use on 21st, Nov 2016 for Type 2 diabetes.

    A 2022 study evaluated the efficacy of Insulin Glargine and Lixisenatide in adults with type 2 diabetes. The study found that Insulin Glargine and Lixisenatide significantly improved glycemic control by reducing HbA1c levels without causing weight gain. Additionally, the study reported a low risk of hypoglycemia.

    Mechanism of Action of Insulin Glargine + Lixisenatide

    The Insulin glargine in the medicine, helps to lower the blood glucose level by replacing the insulin which is normally produced in our body.  The Lixisenatide is an GLP-1 agonist, which stimulates the release of insulin during the hyperglycemia (high blood glucose level).

    Uses of Insulin Glargine + Lixisenatide

    Insulin glargine, Lixisenatide, is used to control blood sugar levels and elevate the production of insulin in the body. It also helps to slow down glucose absorption from foods. It aids in treating type 2 diabetes in adults and controls blood sugar when it becomes abnormal. If other medicines fail to treat or control high blood glucose levels, Insulin glargine, Lixisenatide can be given along with metformin and/or sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.

    Insulin Glargine + Lixisenatide Dosage available Insulin glargine, Lixisenatide, is available as an injection for subcutaneous use to be administered by your healthcare provider. Your doctor will decide the most suitable dosage for your case according to your age and physical circumstances.

  • Labetalol

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug labetalol, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Labetalol was approved by the U.S. FDA to treat hypertension on November 10, 1977.

    Mechanism of Action of Labetalol

    Labetalol works by blocking beta-1 adrenergic receptors and reduces the effects of the hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) on the heart. This results in decreased heart rate and force of contraction, leading to a reduction in cardiac output. By reducing the workload on the heart, this medicine helps lower blood pressure.

    Uses of Labetalol

    Labetalol is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and can also be prescribed for certain heart conditions. This drug is particularly useful in managing hypertensive emergencies, such as crises or severe hypertension during pregnancy.

    Labetalol Dosage available

    The medicine will be administered to you by a healthcare professional in a hospital setting. It is usually administered as an intravenous injection into a vein and is also available in tablet form. Your doctor will decide the dose, route of administration, and frequency based on your disease condition and other factors.

  • Ribociclib

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug ribociclib, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Ribociclib is an anticancer medication containing the active ingredient ribociclib. Cancer is a condition in which cells multiply uncontrolled and abnormally. It is used in women to treat a type of breast cancer (hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer) that is locally advanced or has spread to other parts of the body.  This medication is given in combination with other medications. It can also be used to treat endometrial cancer in combination with other drugs. It works by inhibiting the activity of certain proteins, which regulate cell growth and division. By blocking these proteins, it can slow down or stop the growth of cancer cells. It is not recommended for adolescents and children under 18 years of age.

    Ribociclib was developed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals and was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 13 March 2017. It was initially approved for use in combination with an aromatase inhibitor as initial endocrine-based therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced, or metastatic breast cancer. Before taking this medication, it is vital to inform your doctor if you have any signs of infections (fever, mouth ulcers, or sore throat), liver disorders, heart disorders, or if you are allergic to peanut or soya.  You should not drink grapefruit juice or eat grapefruits during the treatment with this tablet.  It should not be used in persons with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to Kryxana 200 mg Tablet or any of its components.

    Mechanism of Action of Ribociclib

    Ribociclib works by inhibiting the activity of two proteins called CDK4 and CDK6, which regulate cell growth and division. By blocking these proteins, Ribociclib can slow down or stop the growth of cancer cells.

    Uses of Ribociclib

    Ribociclib is a medication used to treat certain types of breast cancer.  Ribociclib is used in combination with other anticancer medications  to treat advanced or metastatic (cancer that can spread to other regions of the body) breast cancer. It can also be used in combination with fulvestrant for women who have gone through menopause and have metastatic breast cancer.

    Ribociclib Dosage available

    Ribociclib is usually taken orally, with or without food. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed, chewed or broken. The dosage and frequency of Ribociclib will depend on a variety of factors, including the patient’s age, weight, overall health, and the type and stage of cancer being treated. It’s important to follow the dosing instructions provided by a healthcare provider, and not to adjust the dosage or frequency without consulting with them first.

  • Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug pegylated liposomal doxorubicin, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin is an anticancer drug that belongs to anthracycline antibiotics. The FDA approved it in 1995 for treating certain cancers and other diseases.

    Mechanism of Action of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin

    Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin is a new class of drug formulations delivered in vesicles called liposomes. The mechanism of action of doxorubicin HCl is related to its ability to bind DNA and inhibit nucleic acid synthesis. Studies have demonstrated that the drug penetrates rapidly into the cell, binds to certain proteins in DNA, and thereby inhibits cell division and nucleic acid synthesis.

    Uses of Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin

    Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin is used as a monotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer, with an increased cardiac risk associated with conventional doxorubicin. It is also indicated for advanced ovarian carcinoma in women who have failed standard first-line therapy (Platinum-and paclitaxel- based chemotherapy is the current standard first-line treatment regimen). It is also used to treat AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) in patients with low CD4 counts (<200 CD4 lymphocytes/mm3 ) and to treat extensive mucocutaneous or visceral disease in patients who have not responded to previous cancer therapy with other medicines or whose disease has worsened despite the therapy. Other uses include combining bortezomib to treat patients with multiple myeloma who have not previously received bortezomib and have received at least one prior therapy.

    Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin Dosage available

    The drug should be administered only by physicians experienced with cancer chemotherapy. Your physician will determine the dose and frequency of administration based on the type of cancer and severity of the disease. Generally, for breast and ovarian cancer, the medicine is administered intravenously at a dose of 50 mg/m2 body surface once every 4 weeks for at least 4 courses. For treating AIDS-Kaposi Sarcoma, the drug is administered intravenously at a dose of 20 mg/m2 body surface once every two- to- three weeks only after the failure of prior systemic chemotherapy or intolerance to such therapy. For treating multiple myeloma, first bortezomib is administered at a dose of 1.3 mg/m2 as intravenous bolus on days 1, 4 , 8 and 11, every three weeks, then pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 should be administered as a 1-hr intravenous infusion on day 4 following bortezomib.

  • Rivaroxaban

    Description

    This page contains brief details about the drug rivaroxaban, it’s indication, dosage & administaration, mechanism of action, related brands with strength, warnings and common side effects.

    Date of Approval

    Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant medication that was approved for medical use on 1st July 2011.

    Mechanism of Action of Rivaroxaban

    Rivaroxaban Tablet is an anticoagulant medication belonging to the class of selective direct Factor Xa inhibitors. Rivaroxaban binds and forms a complex with Factor Xa.  Factor Xa is a natural substance in the body that is responsible for the formation of blood clots. Rivaroxaban is prescribed alone or in combination with low-dose aspirin.

    Uses of Rivaroxaban

    Rivaroxaban Tablet has been developed to treat venous thromboembolism and its symptoms in adults and pediatric patients older than one month of age. It also prevents the occurrence of stroke, and blood clots in patients with acute critical illness, hospitalized patients, and in people with severe movement restriction. Rivaroxaban reduces the risk of a heart attack in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation.

    Rivaroxaban Dosage available

    Rivaroxaban is available as film-coated tablets in doses of 2.5mg, 10mg, 15mg, and 20mg. The accurate dose and frequency vary according to age and medical condition.